most important MCQs, PYQs, MTP of Ch 5 Business Cycle

 






1. The term business cycle refers to 

(a) the ups and downs in production of commodities 
(b) the fluctuating levels of economic activity over a period of time 
(c) decline in economic activities over prolonged period of time 
(d) increasing unemployment rate and diminishing rate of savings 

Answer:- The fluctuating level of economic activity over a period of time

2. When does an economic expansion occur in the business cycle?

 (a) At the peak of the business cycle 
(b) At the trough of the business cycle 
(c) Between the peak and trough 
(d) Between the trough and peak 

Answer:- Between the trough and peak

3. Increasing Prosperity and High standards of living are the characteristics of 

(a) Peak 
(b) Contraction 
(c) Expansion 
( d ) Trough 

Answer:- expansion

4. The end of expansion is termed as — 

(a) Peak 
(b) Contraction 
(c) Trough 
( d ) None of the above 

Answer:- Peak

5. The beginning of recession is 

(a) Peak 
( b ) Trough 
(c) Contraction 
( d ) Expansion 

Answer:- Contraction

6. A significant decline in general economic activity extending over a period of time is 

(a) business cycle 
(b) contraction phase 
(c) recession 
(d) recovery 

Answer:-  recession

7. Severe form of recession is 

(a) Contraction 
(b) Depression 
(c) Expansion 
(d) Peak 

Answer:- Depression

8. The trough of a business cycle occurs when ________hits its lowest point. 

(a) inflation in the economy 
(b) the money supply 
(c) aggregate economic activity 
(d) the unemployment rate 

Answer:- aggregate economic activity

 9. The lowest point in the business cycle is referred to as the 

(a) Expansion. 
(b) Boom. 
(c) Peak. 
(d) Trough. 

Answer:- Trough

10. Even with lower rate of interest, demand for credit declines in 

(a) Expansion Phase 
(b) Peak 
(c) Contraction Phase 
(d) Depression 

Answer:- Depression

11. Which of the following statements is true? 

(a) An Economy grows endlessly 
(b) An Economy Contracts endlessly 
(c) It is easy to predict turning points of Business Cycle
 (d) None of the above 

Answer:- None of the above

12. Which of the following statement is not correct? 

(a) Business Cycles are periodical
 (b) Business Cycles are regular 
(c) Business Cycles vary in intensity 
(d) Business Cycles vary in length 

Answer:- Business cycles are regular

13. A leading indicator is 

(a) a variable that tends to move along with the level of economic activity 
(b) a variable that tends to move in advance of aggregate economic activity 
(c) a variable that tends to move consequent on the level of aggregate economic activity 
(d) None of the above

Answer:- a variable that tends to move in advance of aggregate economic activity

14. A variable that tends to move later than aggregate economic activity is called 

(a) a leading variable. 
(b) a coincident variable. 
(c) a lagging variable. 
(d) a cyclical variable. 

Answer:- a lagging variable

15. Changes in housing interest rate is a 

(a) a leading indicator 
(b) a coincident indicator 
(c) a lagging indicator 
(d) a cyclical indicator 

Answer:- a leading indicator

16. Unemployment is a 

(a) a leading indicator 
(b) a coincident indicator 
(c) a lagging indicator 
(d) a cyclical indicator 

Answer:- a lagging indicator

17. GDP is a 

(a) a leading indicator 
(b) a coincident indicator 
(c) a lagging indicator 
(d) a cyclical indicator 

Answer:- a coincident indicator

18. Industries that are extremely sensitive to the business cycle are the 

(a) Durable goods and service sectors. 
(b) Non-durable goods and service sectors. 
(c) Capital goods and non-durable goods sectors. 
(d) Capital goods and durable goods sectors. 

Answer:- Non-durable goods and service sectors

19. A decrease in government spending would cause 

(a) the aggregate demand curve to shift to the right. 
(b) the aggregate demand curve to shift to the left. 
(c) a movement down and to the right along the aggregate demand curve. 
(d) a movement up and to the left along the aggregate demand curve.

Answer:- a movement up and to the left along the aggregate demand curve

 20. Which of the following does not occur during an expansion? 

(a) Consumer purchases of all types of goods tend to increase.
 (b) Employment increases as demand for labour rises.
 (c) Business profits and business confidence tend to increase 
(d) None of the above. 

Answer:- None of the above

21. Which of the following best describes a typical business cycle?

 (a) Economic expansions are followed by economic contractions. 
(b) Inflation is followed by rising income and unemployment. 
(c) Economic expansions are followed by economic growth and development. 
(d) Stagflation is followed by inflationary economic growth. 

Answer:- Economic expansion are followed by economic contraction

22. During recession, the unemployment rate __________ and output________ 

(a) Rises; falls 
(b) Rises; rises 
(c) Falls; rises 
(d) Falls; falls 

Answer:- Rise: Falls

23. The four phases of the business cycle are 

(a) peak, recession, trough, and boom 
(b) peak, depression, trough, and boom 
(c) peak, recession, trough, and recovery 
(d) peak, depression, bust, and boom 

Answer:- Peak, recession, trough and recovery

24. Leading economic indicators 

(a) are used to forecast probable shifts in economic policies 
(b) are generally used to forecast economic fluctuations 
(c) are indicators of stock prices existing in an economy 
(d) are indicators of probable recession and depression

Answer:- are generally used to forecast economic fluctuation

25. When aggregate economic activity is declining, the economy is said to be in 

(a) Contraction. 
(b) an expansion. 
(c) a trough. 
(d) a turning point. 

Answer:- Contraction

26. Peaks and troughs of the business cycle are known collectively as 

(a) Volatility. 
(b) Turning points. 
(c) Equilibrium points.
 (d) Real business cycle events. 

Answer:- Turning points

27. The most probable outcome of an increase in the money supply is 

(a) interest rates to rise, investment spending to rise, and aggregate demand to rise 
(b) interest rates to rise, investment spending to fall, and aggregate demand to fall 
(c) interest rates to fall, investment spending to rise, and aggregate demand to rise 
(d) interest rates to fall, investment spending to fall, and aggregate demand to fall 

Answer:- interest rates to fall, ivestment spending to rise, and aggregate demand to rise

28. Which of the following is not a characteristic of business cycles 

(a) Business cycles have serious consequences on the well-being of the society. 
(b) Business cycles occur periodically, although they do not exhibit the same regularity. 
(c) Business cycles have uniform characteristics and causes. 
(d) Business cycles arecontagious and unpredictable. 

Answer:- Business cycles have a uniform characteristics and causes

29. Economic recession shares all of these characteristics except. 

(a) Fall in the levels of investment, employment 
(b) Incomes of wage and interest earners gradually decline resulting in decreased demand for goods and services 
(c) Investor confidence is adversely affected and new investments may not be forthcoming 
(d) Increase in the price of inputs due to increased demand for inputs 

Answer:- Increase in the price of inputs due to increased demand for inputs

30. The different phases of a business cycle 

(a) Do not have the same length and severity 
(b) expansion phase always last more than ten years 
(c) last many years and are difficult to get over in short periods (
d) None of the above 

Answer:- Do not have the same length and severity

31. Which of the following is not an example of coincident indicator? 

(a) Industrial production 
(b) inflation 
(c) Retail sales 
(d) New orders for plant and equipment 

Answer:- New orders for plants and equipments

32. According to _________ trade cycle occurs due to onset of innovations. 

a) Hawtrey 
(b) Adam Smith 
c) J M Keynes 
d) Schum peter 

Answer:- Schum peter

33. According to Keynes, Fluctuations activity are due to fluctuations in 

a) aggregate effective demand 
b) Price 
c) Supply of resources 
d) None of the above

Answer:- None of the above

PREVIOUS YEAR MCQs


1. Economic fluctuations occur again & again but not at _____ intervals, nor are they of the _______ length: 

a) Same ; Same 
b) Regular; Same 
 c) Irregular; Different 
d) None of the above 

Answer:- Regular, Same

 2. As production & employment expand, economy________:

a) Gradually decreases 
b) Gets destructed 
c) Revives 
d) All of the above 

Answer:- Revives

 3. The state of expansion continues till there is _______ of resources: 

 a) Full employment 
b) Under utilisation 
 c) Scarcity 
d) None of the above 

Answer:- Full Employment

 4. High level of consumer spending, business confidence, production, factor incomes. profit & investment exhibit phase as _______: 

 a) Peak 
b) Expansion 
c) Contraction
 d) Trough 

Answer:- Expansion

 5. The end of expansion & when economic growth has reached a point where it will stabilise for a short period is known as : 

 a) Peak 
b) Expansion 
c) Contraction 
d) Both a& b 

Answer:- Peak

 6. “Producers being aware of the fact that they have indulged in excessive investment & over production respond by holding back future investment plans, cancellation of orders etc.” are known as _____: 

 a) Peak 
b) Expansion 
c) Contraction 
d) Trough 

Answer:- Contraction

 7. When discrepancy between demand & supply get widened further, we get____: 

 a) Trough 
b) Depression 
c) Contraction 
d) None 

Answer:- Contraction

 8. When growth rate becomes negative & the level of National Income & expenditure declines rapidly we observe_____: 

 a) Recovery 
b) Expansion 
c) Trough 
d) Both a & b 

Answer:- Trough

 9. The economy cannot continue to contract endlessly, it will go for_____: 

 a) Recovery 
b) Boom 
c) Peak 
d) Trough’ 

Answer:- Recovery

 10. Expansion is characterised by: 

 a) Increase in national output
 b) Upswing of Trade Cycle 
 c) Downswing of Trade Cycle 
d) Both a and b 

Answer:- Both a and b

 11. Peak or Boom refers to: 

 (a) Lowest of Trade Cycle 
(b) Turning Point of Trade Cycle 
 (c) Middle point of Trade Cycle 
(d) None of the above 

Answer:- Turning point of Trade Cycles

 12. Contraction is characterised by: 

 (a) Decrease in national output 
(b) Downswing of Trade Cycle 
 (c) Upswing of Trade Cycle 
(d) Both a and b 

Answer:- Both a and b

 13. Depression occurs when: 

 (a) Process of recession on its way 
(b) Process of recession is complete 
 (c) Severe contraction in economic activities 
(d) Both b & c 

Answer:- Both b and c

 14. Economists use changes in variety of activities to measure Business Cycle, which are called 

 (a) Variables 
(b) Parameters 
(c) Indicators 
(d) All 

Answer:- Indicators

 15. Variables that change after real output changes are called: 

 (a) Lagging variables 
(b) Lagging indicators 
 (c) Lagging parameters 
(d) All 

Answer:- Lagging indicator

 16. According to Keynes, fluctuations in economic activities are due to fluctuations in aggregate _________ 

 a) Market Demand 
b) Effective Demand 
 c) Volatile Demand 
d) None 

Answer:- Effective Demand

 17. According to Hawtrey, Trade Cycle is purely ________ phenomenon. 

 (a) Fiscal 
(b) Monetary 
(c) Business 
(d) All 

Answer:- Monetary

 18. Macroeconomic policies which causes Business Cycle are: 

 (a) Price and market policies 
(b) Monetary and fiscal policies 
 (c) Business policies 
(d) All 

Answer:- Monetary and fiscal policies

 19. According to Professor __________ modern business activities are based on anticipating of business community and are affected by waves of optimism or pessimism 

 (a) Samuelson 
(b) Marshall 
(c) Hicks 
d) Pigou

Answer:- Pigou

 20. According to Professor __________ Trade Cycles occur as a result of innovations which take place in the system from time to time: 

 (a) Samuelson 
(b) Marshall 
(c) Schumpeter 
(d) Allen 

Answer:- Schumpeter

21. The term business cycle refers: 

 (a) The ups and downs in production of commodities 
 (b) The fluctuating levels of economic activity over a time period 
 (c) Decline in economic activities over a prolonged period of time 
 (d) Increasing unemployment rate and diminishing rate of savings 

Answer:- The fluctuating level of economic activity over a time period

 22. When aggregate activity is declining the economy is said to be in: 

 (a) Contraction 
(b) Expansion 
(c) Trough 
(d) Turning point 

Answer:- Contraction

 23. During recession unemployment rate _______ and output _______ 

 (a) Rises, falls 
(b) Rises, rises 
 (c) Falls, rises 
(d) Falls, falls 

Answer:- Rises, falls

 24. Peaks and troughs of business cycle are known collectively as: 

 (a) Volatility 
(b) Turning points 
(c) Equilibrium points 
(d) None 

Answer:- Turning points

 25. Rampant unemployment is found in: 

 (a) Boom 
(b) Recovery 
(c) Contraction 
(d) Depression 

Answer:- Depression

 26. Greatest depression suffered by economy in: 

 (a) 1924 
(b) 1930 
(c) 1945 
(d) 2008 

Answer:- 1930

 27. Last stage of recession is called: 

 (a) Depression 
(b) Recovery 
(c) Shutdown 
d) All 

Answer:- Depression

 28. In the long run, a reduction in labour supply would cause output _________ and ________ the aggregate price level. 

 (a) Fall, rise 
(b) Fall, fall 
(c) Rise, fall 
(d) Rise, rise

Answer:- Fall, Rise

 29. Which of the following macro-Economic variable would you include in an index of leading economic indicators. 

 (a) Employment 
(b) Inflation 
 (c) Real interest rate 
(d) Residential investment 

Answer:- Residental Investment

 30. An economic variable that moves in the opposite direction as aggregate economic activity down in expansions, up in contractions is called: 

 (a) Pro cyclical 
(b) Counter cyclical 
 (c) Cyclical 
(d) A leading variable 

Answer:- Counter cylical

31. Business cycle is contagious and ________ in character. 

 (a) Local
 (b) Regional 
(c) National 
(d) International 

Answer:- International

 32. Which external factor affects business cycle:

 (a) Population growth 
(b) Variation in government supply 
 (c) Money supply 
(d) Macro Economic policies 

Answer:- Variation in governemtn supply

 33. Which internal factor affect the business cycle: 

 (a) Fluctuations in investment 
(b) Natural factor 
 (c) Technology shocks 
(d) Population growth 

Answer:- Fluctuation in investment

 34. Fashion retailer is known as: 

 (a) Cyclical business 
(b) Sunrise business 
 (c) Sluggish business 
(d) None 

Answer:- Cyclical business

 35. Features of business cycle include: 

 (a) Discuss periodically 
(b) Have 4 different phases 
 (c) Originate in free market economy 
(d) All 

Answer:- All

 36. Internal causes of depression include: 

 (a) Fluctuating in investment 
(b) Money supply 
 (c) Psychological factors 
(d) All 

Answer:- All

 37. Whose statement out of these is false ? 

 (a) Hawtrey - “ Trade cycle is purely monetary phenomenon
 (b) Keynes - “ Fluctuations in aggregate demand 
 (c) Pigou - “Fluctuations in investment 
 (d) Schumpeter – “Innovations” 

Answer:- Pigou .."Fluctuation in invesment

 38. Technology shocks is one of the ______ causes of Business Cycle: 

 (a) Internal 
(b) External 
(c) Psychological 
(d) All 

Answer:- External

 39. Change in money supply is one of the ______ causes of Business Cycle: 

 (a) Internal 
(b) External 
(c) Psychological 
(d) All 

Answer:- Internal

 40. Business managers need to work effectively to arrive at sound strategic decisions in complex times across the _______ ______, managing through four phases: 

 (a) Trade Cycle 
(b) Business Cycle 
 (c) Both a & b 
(d) None

Answer:- Both a and b

Post a Comment

0 Comments